Marine Inverts - Banded Coral Shrimp (Stenopus hispidus)

 

 Marine Inverts - Banded Coral Shrimp (Stenopus hispidus)

 The Banded Coral Shrimp catches the eyes of most aquarists with their lovely coloration and body form. it's hanging red and white bands across its body with fairly long pinchers and additional long white antennae. Combined with its prickly body texture, this peaceful member of the Stenopodidae family brings interest to any marine marine museum. However, most hobbyists praise Stenopus hispidus for its active nature because it scampers round the marine museum in search of food.

Interestingly, members of the Stenopodidae family ar referred to as "Boxing Shrimp" due to the big pinchers on their third set of legs. These pinchers ar usually control erect and provides the Banded Coral Shrimp the looks of a boxer able to fight. tho' the Banded Coral Shrimp may be aggressive towards alternative Banded Coral Shrimp and smaller shrimp of various species, most ar peaceful towards fish, corals, and invertebrates inside your marine museum. due to its aggressive disposition towards alternative Banded Coral Shrimp, the Banded Coral Shrimp ought to be housed singly or unbroken as a real mated combine.

Native to the oceans of Indonesia, Stenopus hispidus is maybe the foremost cosmopolitan shrimp within the ocean. it always hangs turned in caves or crevices, with solely its antennae rising from the opening. whereas molt, the Banded Coral Shrimp can usually hide from sight for 1-2 days within the rocks of the reef. within the home marine museum, offer enough space for the Banded Coral Shrimp therefore it will move regarding freely while not its long antennae touching neighboring corals or anemones.

The Banded Coral Shrimp is comparatively hardy associated boasts an aquarium-suited length that seldom exceeds three inches, six inches with the antennae. The male Banded Coral Shrimp is sometimes smaller. Breeding the Banded Coral Shrimp is sometimes not made. Larvae typically succumb to filtration and skimming.

Like alternative invertebrates, the Banded Coral Shrimp is impatient of high nitrate or copper levels. take care to take care of correct iodine levels within the marine museum to assist guarantee correct molt. The Banded Coral Shrimp should be acclimated slowly to avoid any salinity and/or pH scale shock.

In the wild, the Banded Coral Shrimp may be a scavenger. within the home marine museum, it'll settle for most flaked and frozen foods.

Approximate Purchase Size: 3/4" to 2-1/2" Pair: 3/4" to 2-1/2"

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Freshwater Inverts - Nerita Snail (Neritina sp.)

  

Freshwater Inverts - Nerita Snail (Neritina sp.)

Nerita Snails area unit AN economical scavenger ideal for smaller ponds and fresh community aquariums. The neritid gastropod Snail could be a common selection for keeping uneaten  food and alga under control. it's peaceful and can not unexpectedly populate your tank or water garden since the neritid gastropod Snail is troublesome to breed (impossible in freshwater!).

The neritid gastropod Snails originate from the Gulf of Mexico and therefore the Caribbean and may be found within the lower regions of rivers. The neritid gastropod Snail shouldn't be housed with the other animals that will wish to build a meal of them.

 

The sex of the neritid gastropod Snail is determined if there area unit varied people of an equivalent age unbroken within the same setting and fed an equivalent foods. during which case, females are going to be larger than males. so as to breed, the neritid gastropod Snail needs briny water because it contains a marine larval stage. Adult snails can live regarding one year underneath the proper conditions.

A scavenger, the neritid gastropod Snail can consume scrap, uneaten  food, and alga within the lake or tank. If shy food is gift, supplement with a high quality flake or pellet food.

Do not unleash plants into native waters. Learn a lot of here Approximate Purchase Size: 1/4" to 3/4"

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Corals - Red Finger Gorgonian (Diodogorgia nodulifera)

 

Corals - Red Finger Gorgonian (Diodogorgia nodulifera)

The Red Finger gorgonian coral is additionally cited as Red Tree gorgonian coral, or colourful ocean Rod. a beautiful branching tree-like coral, it's very brittle and breaks simply, creating it straightforward to propagate during this manner. It essentially is offered in 2 color variations being bright orange-yellow with red and white polyps, or ruby to purple with white polyps. This gorgonian coral can typically grow in little and sparsely branched colonies.

The Red Finger gorgonian coral is peaceful, however it ought to incline adequate area off from neighboring corals or anemones. Underwater epoxy is usually wont to anchor its base to a bit of live rock within the reef vivarium. it's troublesome to keep up even within the well-established reef system. it's not chemical change and needs an occasional level of lighting to beat back a build-up of microalgae. It conjointly needs a stronger water flow and also the addition of iodine, calcium, strontium, and alternative trace parts to the water.


Since it's not chemical change, its survival depends on regular and frequent feedings of micro-plankton, live, baby Artemia salina, or foods designed for filter feeding invertebrates.

Approximate Purchase Size: 3" to 6"









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Saltwater Fish - Multibar Angelfish (Paracentropyge multifasciata)

 

Saltwater Fish - Multibar Angelfish (Paracentropyge multifasciata)

The Multibar Angel, conjointly referred to as the numerous Banded Angelfish and Multibarred Angelfish, has individual black associated yellow vertical bands organized in an "every other" fashion, with a skinny stripe of white bordering every black band. The tail is white to yellow with tiny black speckles. A juvenile may be distinguished by a blue marking at the rear of the fin.

The Multibar Angel needs a minimum tank size of seventy gallons with many concealment places and live rock for grazing. This angelfish is best unbroken because the solely species member during a tank.

The Multibar Angel, like different dwarf angels, ar hermaphroditic, troublesome to breed, and indistinguishable in color variations from male to feminine.

The Multibar Angel may be a particular eater; it prefers a spread of tiny meaty things, angelfish and fauna preparations, and live sponges. These consumption habits and therefore the attribute of changing into somewhat territorial upon acclimatisation, create this a difficult fish to stay.

Approximate Purchase Size: tiny 2" to 3" Medium 3" to 4" massive 4" to 5"

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Saltwater Fish - Coral Beauty Angelfish (Centropyge bispinosa)

 

 

Very common on the nice coral reef, the Coral Beauty Angelfish is additionally referred to as the Twospined or Dusky Angelfish. The body and head ar a deep purplish blue, highlighted with associate degree iridescent orange to yellow. The Coral Beauty Angelfish is one amongst the best angels to worry for.

It needs a seventy gallon or larger tank with numerous concealing places and live rock for grazing. Not a decent reef denizen, the Coral Beauty Angelfish is vulnerable to nip at stony and soft corals (sessile invertebrates).

The diet of the Coral Beauty Angelfish ought to carries with it Spirulina, marine alga, high-quality angelfish preparations, Mysis or frozen shrimp, and different quality meaty foods.

Approximate Purchase Size: Small: 1" to 1-3/4"; Medium: 1-3/4" to 2-1/2"; Large: 2-1/2" to four"









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Saltwater Fish - Stars & Stripes Puffer (Arothron hispidus)

 

 Saltwater Fish - Stars & Stripes Puffer (Arothron hispidus)

The Stars & Stripes Puffer is an ornate puffer that requires very little imagination to see how it received its common name. The upper half of the Stars & Stripes Puffer is covered with white spots that appear, from a distance, like stars upon the greenish tan body coloration. The lower half of the body has horizontal stripes that complete the stars and stripes ensemble. Typical of Arothron puffers, the base of the pectoral fins is darker in coloration. The Stars & Stripes Puffer is sure to make an endearing addition for puffer enthusiasts or anyone wanting personality in their larger, fish-only or fish-only-with-live-rock marine aquarium. 

Members of the genus Arothron, including the Stars & Stripes Puffer, are sometimes called "Fat Puffers" or "Dogface Puffers" and exemplify the typical puffer design. Though lacking pelvic fins and a hydrodynamic body shape, puffers are extremely maneuverable and are tenacious and capable predators. Like many "Fat Puffers," the Stars & Stripes Puffer displays an unusual degree of "intelligence" and "personality" and appears to quickly recognize their owners. 

  

In the wild, the Stars & Stripes Puffer inhabits a wide range of habitats including mangrove swamps, seagrass beds and reef flats. The ideal setup should be an established aquarium 180 gallon or larger with good filtration and a protein skimmer. Aquascape liberally with live rock and other materials to create an environment rich with nooks and crannies, caves, and overhangs while preserving easy access to large open areas. House with fish of similar size and temperament and be aware that the Stars & Stripes Puffer will eat invertebrates found in the aquarium using its fused beak-like teeth to crush open its prey.

The diet of the Stars & Stripes Puffer should include a variety of meaty food including squid, krill, clams, and hard shelled shrimp to help wear down their ever growing teeth.

Approximate Purchase Size: Small: 1-1/2" to 2-3/4"; Medium: 3-1/4" to 4-1/4"; Large: 5-1/4" to 6-1/4" 

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Saltwater Fish - Auriga Butterflyfish (Chaetodon auriga)

 

Saltwater Fish - Auriga Butterflyfish (Chaetodon auriga)

The Auriga Butterflyfish, also known as the Threadfin Butterflyfish, is one of the more popular and readily available butterflyfish. Generally a hardy species, in the wild it is found on inner and outer reef slopes. As with many fish, the Threadfin Butterfly's color and markings can vary with the region of origin. Red Sea specimens tend to lose the eyespot (false eye to confuse predators) on the dorsal fin.

The Auriga Butterflyfish is quite shy and should be provided multiple hiding places. It is safe to keep it in a live rock-only tank, although it will pick at the rock.

 

The Auriga Butterflyfish's diet should primarily consist of plankton frozen, freeze-dried, fresh or flake food is readily accepted. Also provide regular vegetable food source and vitamin-boosting supplements.

Approximate Purchase Size: Small: 1-1/2" to 2-1/4"; Medium: 2-1/2" to 3 1/2"; Large: 3 1/2" to 4 1/2" X Large 4 1/2" to 6" 

 QUICK STATS

Minimum Tank Size: 125 gallons

Care Level: Easy

Temperament: Peaceful

Reef Compatible: No

Water Conditions: 72-78° F, dKH 8-12, pH 8.2-8.4, sg 1.021-1.023

Max. Size: 8"

Color Form: Black, White, Yellow

Diet: Omnivore Origin: Africa, Fiji, Hawaii, Indonesia, New Caledonia, Sri Lanka, Tonga Family: Chaetodontidae

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Saltwater Fish - Raccoon Butterflyfish (Chaetodon lunula)

 

Saltwater Fish - Raccoon Butterflyfish (Chaetodon lunula) 

The Raccoon Butterflyfish is yellow-orange, but darker on the upper half of the body. It has a black patch around its eyes, with a broad white stripe posterior to it. Two black stripes bordered in yellow reach from the white stripe to the dorsal fin.

The Raccoon Butterflyfish is a peaceful fish that may reside in a 125 gallon or larger fish-only aquarium with other butterflyfish. It should not be kept in a reef tank since it will eat invertebrates and is deemed unsafe with corals. 

 

When first acquired, if it will not eat, it may be tempted with a small anemone. Once acclimated, it can be fed a varied diet of meaty foods, crustacean flesh, mysis shrimp, and frozen preparations several times daily.
Approximate Purchase Size: Small: 1-1/2" to 2-1/4"; Medium: 2-1/4" to 3 "; Medium/Large: 3" to 4"; Large: 4" to 5"; X large 5" to 6"









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Freshwater Fish - Ryukin Goldfish, Assorted (Carassius auratus)

 

 Freshwater Fish - Ryukin Goldfish, Assorted (Carassius auratus)

The Ryukin Goldfish has a curved backbone, a fat belly and long feathery fins. It has a small, pointed mouth and the body is typically triangular in shape. There is a distinct hump on the back immediately behind the head. The Ryukin Goldfish comes in a variety of colors, including the Red/White, Calico, Red/Black and Red.

All goldfish are members of the carp group and are generally quite hardy. The Ryukin Goldfish will do well in a tank of 30 gallons of water or more with a fine gravel bottom and hardy, cold water plants, as well as backyard garden ponds of 180 gallons or more. Goldfish are diggers and will scatter the fine sand onto leaves, injuring thin and less hardy plants. Roots and well-rounded river rocks are a good addition to the aquarium. 

 

 There appears to be a definite courtship ritual when Goldfish breed. Breeding often results in up to 1,000 eggs, with fry hatching in five to six days. The fry should be fed small pieces of live or prepared foods designed for egg-laying fish.

Goldfish are omnivorous and will eat all types of dried and live foods. Limit protein, however, to 30% of the diet. A Goldfish flake or pellet food will provide these fish with the proper nutrition.

Approximate Purchase Size: 1" to 1-1/2" 

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Freshwater Fish - Betta - Female (Betta splendens)

 

Freshwater Fish - Betta - Female (Betta splendens) - The Betta is without a doubt, one of the most popular freshwater tropical fish. And it is easy to see why. The Betta is, first and foremost, brightly colored in shades of vibrant hues unparalleled among freshwater fish. Second, this member of the Belontiidae family is hardy when kept in ideal water parameters. Finally, despite their seemingly delicate beauty, Betta splendens requires simple care, which makes them a favorite of both beginning and advanced hobbyists.

Betta splendens is often referred to as Fighting Fish or "Siamese" Fighting Fish, since it has been bred over the years to be both colorful and combative, especially towards other males. As such, only one male Betta should be kept in an aquarium. However, smaller, shorter-finned - though often equally as colorful - females may be housed together with caution. The Betta should be housed with peaceful fish that will not nip at the Betta's glorious, flowing fins.

 

An ideal environment for the Betta is a well-filtered aquarium that holds a steady temperature of between 75° and 86°F. Though the Betta is often sold in small bowls in department stores, for best care, Betta splendens should be kept singly in aquariums of at least 1 gallon. It also prefers a variety of hiding places amongst the foliage of freshwater plants.
The Betta can be bred in the home aquarium. For breeding purposes, males and females can be temporarily housed together. Once laid by the female, the eggs are placed inside a bubblenest and tended by the male Betta. Fry appear in about 24 hours and must be fed very small food initially, such as crushed or powdered flakes and newly hatched brine shrimp. Fry will also take finely chopped hard-boiled egg yolk
Provide the Betta with a carnivore diet consisting of a quality flake food, frozen or freeze dried bloodworms and brine shrimp.
Approximate Purchase Size: 1" to 2"







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Freshwater Fish - Betta - Male (Betta splendens)

 

 Freshwater Fish - Betta - Male (Betta splendens) - The Betta is without a doubt, one of the most popular freshwater tropical fish. And it is easy to see why. The Betta is, first and foremost, brightly colored in shades of vibrant hues unparalleled among freshwater fish. Second, this member of the Belontiidae family is hardy when kept in ideal water parameters. Finally, despite their seemingly delicate beauty, Betta splendens requires simple care, which makes them a favorite of both beginning and advanced hobbyists.

Betta splendens is often referred to as Fighting Fish or "Siamese" Fighting Fish, since it has been bred over the years to be both colorful and combative, especially towards other males. As such, only one male Betta should be kept in an aquarium. However, smaller, shorter-finned - though often equally as colorful - females may be housed together with caution. The Betta should be housed with peaceful fish that will not nip at the Betta's glorious, flowing fins.

 

An ideal environment for the Betta is a well-filtered aquarium that holds a steady temperature of between 75° and 86°F. Though the Betta is often sold in small bowls in department stores, for best care, Betta splendens should be kept singly in aquariums of at least 1 gallon. It also prefers a variety of hiding places amongst the foliage of freshwater plants.

The Betta can be bred in the home aquarium. For breeding purposes, males and females can be temporarily housed together. Once laid by the female, the eggs are placed inside a bubblenest and tended by the male Betta. Fry appear in about 24 hours and must be fed very small food initially, such as crushed or powdered flakes and newly hatched brine shrimp. Fry will also 

take finely chopped hard-boiled egg yolk.

 

Provide the Betta with a carnivore diet consisting of a quality flake food, frozen or freeze dried bloodworms and brine shrimp. 

Approximate Purchase Size: 1-3/4" to 2-1/2" 

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Freshwater Fish - Chinese Algae Eater (Gyrinocheilus aymonieri)

 

Freshwater Fish - Chinese Algae Eater (Gyrinocheilus aymonieri) - The Chinese Algae Eater comes from Asia and has a slender body and is golden to brown in color. A darker stripe runs horizontally and is either solid or broken into spots. It is usually kept in aquariums for the purpose of keeping algae under control. 

A minimum of a 30-gallon aquarium is recommended with plenty of plants, rocks, and driftwood for hiding. It can handle different water conditions but water quality should remain constant to avoid stress. In smaller community tanks the Chinese Algae Eater will defend its territory. This species of algae eater can become aggressive when they become full grown. 

Breeding has not been seen or been successful in an aquarium setting. There is little known about sexing the male and female.  

The main source of food is algae on plants, rocks, glass, and driftwood. Algae based wafers should be provided if there is a lack of algae.

Approximate Purchase Size: Small: 1" to 1-1/2"; Medium: 1-1/2" to 2"; Large: 2" to 2-1/2"



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Freshwater Fish - Electric Yellow Cichlid (Labidochromis caeruleus)

female

The Electric Yellow Cichlid is set apart from other African Cichlids by its striking electric yellow coloration. It injects an irresistible splash of bold color to the cichlid aquarium. Mature specimens flaunt contrasting horizontal black stripes and vertical bars to provide additional visual interest.

The Electric Yellow African Cichlid is also known as the Yellow Lab or Electric Yellow Lab. Considered a newer species and referred to commercially as Labidochromis tanganicae, this cichlid lives in the waters of Lake Malawi between the islands of Charo and Mbowe. First displayed at Burundi in the early 1980's and exported from there, the Electric Yellow was mistakenly believed to come from Lake Tanganyika. 

male

  A peaceful and shy cichlid compared to other African Cichlids, the Electric Yellow still displays distinct social and territorial behaviors. The Electric Yellow will act aggressively towards fish of similar body shape and color perceived to be a threat for food and mate. The aquarium should include a sandy bottom, robust plants, caves, and rocks.

The female lays her eggs on the surface of rocks and then scoops them into her mouth where they brood for 18 days before being released.

The Electric Yellow Lab needs both meaty foods and greens such as brine shrimp, bloodworms, and quality flake or pellet food containing vegetable matter. 

Approximate Purchase Size: Small: 1 1/2" to 2"; Medium: 2" to 3"; Large: 3" to 5" 

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Blue Damselfish (Chrysiptera cyanea) - Saltwater Fish

The Blue Damselfish is probably the best selling marine fish in the United States. Beginning hobbyists relish its hardiness and small size, while advanced aquarists praise the color and activity this member of the Pomacentridae family brings to the aquarium. Female Blue Damselfish are completely blue. Males, on the other hand, have an orange tail and are commonly called the Orangetail Blue Damselfish or Blue Devil Damselfish.

Native to reefs across the Indo-Pacific, Chrysiptera cyanea is usually busy defending a small territory. Interestingly, the Blue Damselfish has the ability to hide in a hole or crevice and darken to an almost black color. This usually happens when it is threatened. After the perceived threat is gone, the Blue Damselfish will return to its electric blue color in a matter of seconds.

The Blue Damselfish is somewhat aggressive, so its housing should be large enough to easily accommodate multiple specimens. It is a good fish for beginners and makes an ideal companion fish for saltwater aquariums of over 30 gallons. The Blue Damselfish is also a great choice for reef aquariums with invertebrates. As the Blue Damselfish matures, it may demonstrate pronounced territorial behavior towards future additions to the aquarium. If keeping the Blue Damselfish with other damselfish, provide multiple hiding places to break up territories and decrease aggression
The diet of the Blue Damselfish should consist of flaked and frozen foods, and herbivore preparations.
Approximate Purchase Size: 1" to 2"



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Walking Fish Reveal how our ancestors evolved Into Land

 

  Walking Fish Reveal how our ancestors evolved Into Land - Approximately 400 million years ago fish colonies began to explore the land and evolved into tetrapods - today amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals. However, there are two things that the scientific mystery to this day, that is how the ancient fish use their fins in the body and the terrestrial environment and evolutionary process what happened.

 

The journal Nature published the results of a study conducted by researchers at McGill University who studied the fish Polypterus to learn how to fish the first time be able to walk on land. Polypterus fish is a fish from Africa are able to breathe a breath of air, walk on land, and is similar to the ancient fish that have evolved into tetrapods. The researchers put Polypterus young fish to the mainland for more than a year that aim to reveal how fish move inland and anatomical changes what happened.

Said Emily Standen, a former McGill post-doctoral student who led the project, at the University of Ottawa that "environmental stress conditions can show anatomical changes and variations of behavior, this is a form of developmental plasticity". Further said Emily "We want to use this mechanism to see anatomy and new behavior and we can use this fish to see if they fit with what we know from the fossil record."

Remarkable anatomical changes in fish

 

Fish show anatomical and behavioral changes are significant. Fish terrestrialized more effective by placing their fins closer to their bodies, lifted their heads higher. "Anatomically, they turn into a skeleton chest becomes more elongated with a strong attachment to their chests, perhaps to increase support for walking and reduced contact with the skull potentially allowing movement of the head / neck bigger," said Trina Du, Ph. D McGill student.

"Because a lot of anatomical changes are reflected in the fossil record, we can hypothesize that changes in behavior that we see today reflect what might happen when the fish fossils first walk with their fins on land," says Hans Larsson, Canada Research Chair in evolution macro at McGill and Associate Professor at the Redpath Museum.

Experiment "Polypterus The terrestrialized" is a unique experiment and provide new ideas of how fish use their fins in fossil terrestrial environment and evolutionary process what happened.

Larsson added: "This is the first example we know that demonstrate plasticity can facilitate the development of large-scale evolutionary transitions, by first accessing new anatomy and behavior that will be genetically improved by natural selection."

The study was conducted by Emily Standen, University of Ottawa, and Hans Larsson, Trina Du at McGill University.

This research was supported by the Canada Research Chairs Program, the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) and Tomlinson Post-doctoral fellowship. 


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Why Fish Affected by the disease ?

Why fish Affected by the disease ? - This question arises when we find different occurrences of the condition of the fish healthy. Diseases in fish farming is a scary thing for farmers. Due to the hard work starting from land preparation, stocking up with the necessary maintenance and other costs will change with the loss if the fish are exposed to the disease. Fish disease occurs when fish (host), live in aquatic environments that are less suitable for fish life, but supports the pathogen to multiply or proliferate. This will lead to changes in the pathophysiology of the organs of the body of the fish.

 

The incidence of disease in the fish pond is the result of interactions between fish mismatched, environmental conditions and disease organisms. Mismatched interactions have caused stress to the fish, so that the self-defense mechanism that has become weak and vulnerable to disease eventually. If the host body's defense is weak and pathogens found in many host body, but still appropriate and supportive environment to improve the disease resistance of the host body would not appear because pathogens can not proliferate.

 

Humans play an important role in efforts to prevent the occurrence of disease in fish in pond aquaculture, in particular by maintaining the harmony of the interaction between the three aforementioned components. Generally plague that attacks fish in the pond are caused by human error in managing the pool environment. For example, bacteria of the type of Enterobacter sp., Aeromonas hydrophila and Pseudomonas sp. the cultivation of freshwater in the 1980s which has caused the death of dozens of tonnes of freshwater fish in West Java (Rukyani, et al. 1996). Recent cases of disease is disease Koi Herves Virus (KHV), which is a viral disease in koi and goldfish in Java in 2002 due to the negligence of the farmers maintain the cleanliness of the pool, so that the harmony of the three components that cause disease to be disturbed. KHV infection that started happening in Java has spread to Bali, Sumatra and South Kalimantan. Even in 2005, cases of KHV has struck carp in fish farming activities in the lake Toba, which is then followed by the prohibition to send a goldfish to the island of Sumatra which was a fish quarantine area.

In normal conditions, the three factors namely the fish, the environment and pathogens will be able to maintain balance. Cultivated fish that we will utilize food derived from food-grade, so that the fish can grow well, reproduce in order to continue the descent, unable to defend themselves from changes in the surrounding environment well. The occurrence of disease in fish is due to the imbalance between the three factors above. The bodies pathogens will usually cause interference resulting in a change in environmental conditions resulting in decreased immune system of fish (fish become stressed). In fish cultivated the disease can strike at all sizes ranging from seed, fish consumption is up to the parent. A disease that usually attacks the fish seed is usually due to parasitic infection, while at larger sizes usually are fungi that attack, wound ulcers, and lumps.


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